Boiler



A. DUMAS sept. 24, 1963 BOILER Filed Nov. 5. 1961 /N VEN TGR Albert DUMAS @uw @w www United States Patent O 3,104,654 BOILER Albert Dumas, 16 Le Gardeur St., Sorel, Quebec, Canada Filed Nov. 3, 1961, Ser. No. 149,962 2 Claims. (Cl. 122-225) 'Ihe present invention relates to boilers or furnaces for heating water or producing steam, and which can be tired with oil, gas, coal, or the like.

The general object of the present invention resides in the provision of a boiler of the character described having an improved heating efficiency.

Another object of the present invention resides in a boiler of the character described in which the surace of the heat exchange system is increased with respect to conventional boilers of similar volume.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a boiler of the character described in which the heat exchange system causes the combustion gases to move down from the iiring chamber and then up towards the chimney so as to give ample time to the combustion gases to release most of their heat content to the heat exchange medium.

Another important object of the present invention resides `in the provision of a boiler of the character described in which means are provided for by-passing the combustion gases when the furnace is still relatively cold at the start of a heating cycle to thereby enable the com- -bustion gases to move directly upwardly towards the chimney at said cycle start, and to ol-ose said by-pass when the furnace has reached normal operating temperature, thereby eliminating all dangers of insufficient draft.

Another important Object of the present invention resides in the provision of a boiler of the character described in which only one water section is mod-ined to provide the means for increasing its operating eiciency, the remaining sections of the furnace'being of conventional construction. Y

The foregoing and other important objects-of the present invention will become more apparent during the following disclosure and by referring to the drawings, in

which FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal section of the boiler oi" the present invention; and

FIGURE 2 is a cross-section taken along line 2 2 of FIGURE 1.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings in which like reference characters indicate like elements throughout, the boiler or lfurnace of the invention is composed of a plurality of juxtaposed Water sections comprising a `front water section 1, intermediate sections 2, and a |back section 3 where are held together by tie pods 4 or the like. Front section 1 -forms -a top transverse portion 5, an intermediate transverse portion 6, la lower transverse portion 7 and a bottom transverse portion 8 (for the circulation of water and in communication with Ithe vertical hollow legs of the section 1. Between portions 5 and 6 there is an opening closed by clean out door 9 while a door 1t) closes the opening between portions 6 and 7 to gain access to the tiring chamber; the opening between transverse portions 7 and S is closed by a plate 11 through which extends the nozzle of an oil burner 1=2 of conventional construction.

The intermediate water sections 2 are composed of a top transverse portion 13,1inter1nediate transverse portions 14- and l15 which are in communication with .the transverse vertical hollow legs of the sections 2 and with one another and with sections 1 and 3 through suitable nipple ports 33 of conventional construction.

The back water section 3 is composed of a top transverse portion 16 and aback transverse portion 17 extending from the level of the portions 14 of sections 2 down 3,104,654 Patented Sept. 24, 1963 to the bottom to a point near the bottom wall 34 of the furnace. Back portion 17 forms a rear jacketed wall Ifor the furnace.

A chimney Ibox 18 is secured to the back off the lfurnace and is in communication with the top combustion gas passage dened between portions 13 and 14 of water sections 2. Box 18 is in communication with a chimney 19.

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The bottom wall of the furnace is lined with .insulation 20 which forms together with insulation wall 21l a fire box for confining the fire formed by theV oil burner 12.

In accordance with the invention, the furnace further comprises an additional water section 22 interposed between -the rearmost section 2 `and the 'back section 3, and which is also in communi-cation with the various sections and is held together by tie rods 4. Section 22 is composed of a top transverse portion 23 similar to and level with portion 13, lower transverse portions 24 and 25, level with portions 14 and 15 respectively, portion 24 being also level with the top of the black portion 17 of the back section 3.

In Aaccordance with the invention, Water section 22 further includes la transverse portion 26 disposed below water portion 25 in the bottom of the furnace and in communication with the vertical legs of the section 22, portion 26 deiining a vertical passage with the back jacket wall 17 of the furnace, land a horizontal passage between the top of the same and the portion 25. Said last named passage can be Iclosed by a valve plate 27 extending through the majo-r part of the length of said passageand sceured to a horizontally disposed pivot rod 2S journaled in ears 29 secured to portion 26. Pivot rod 2S extends through one side of the furnace and is, provided at the exterior with a crank arm 30 pivotally connected to the plunger of a solenoid 31 Gr to another type of electro'- meclianica-l actuating device. A thermostat 32 is secured to chimney 19, with its heat responsive element exposed ,depending on the temperature 0f the ygases Within chimney 19. fWh-en said gases are cold, .the solenoid 31 is operated so as to maintain valve plate 27 in opened position resting on the top of -tnansverse portion 26 and when the gases passing through chimney 19 has attained a temperature, the solenoid 31 is operated so as to close valve plate 27 in which case it takes the inclined position shown in FIGURE 1 vabutting against the portion 25 of water section 22.

Thus, when the furnace is cold, the valve piate 27 is opened; at the start of the oil burner 12, the hot combustion gases move upwardly and strike the undcrface of the transverse portions 15 of the intermediate sections 2 and move through the horizontal passage between transverse portions 25 and 26, then between the back jacket wall 17 and transverse portion 25, then forwardly between transverse portions 14 and 15, upwardly along side the door 9 and backwardly between transverse portions 13 and 14 into the chimney box 18 and through the chimney 19. Thus, the furnace operates in conventional manner, and the draft is not diminished in any way as compared to conventional furnaces.

When the gases in chimney 19 attain a predetermined minimum temperature which is an indication that .the chimney is hot and there is an increase in tdna'ft, thermostat 32 operates to close valve plate 27 through the solenoid 31. Under these conditions, the hot combustion gases which strike the underiiace olf transverse portions 15, have to move downwardly alongside the front wall of transverse portion 26 and along the back of insulating partition 21 rearwardly, and upwardly around transverse portion 26 to flow in the passage between said portion 26 and the jacketed wall 17, and thereafter the gases follow the serpentine horizontal path in conventional manner tbetween sections 1S, 14 and 13.

Because the combustion gases have to move downwardly Ialong the `front wall of portion 26 and then around said portion land upwardly at the back thereof, it has been found that there is a considerable increase in the efficiency of the furnace due to the considerably increased heat exchange area in contact with hot combustion gases :and ldue to the fact that because the 4gases have to move downwardly, they are retained for a longer time in the furnace. However, because the chimney 19 is hot', the consequent increase in draft prevents an explosion taking place in the furnace. Thus the latter is completely safe in operation.

The operation of the plate valve 27 is also fail safe, that is -it will automatically take an open position upon fm'lure of solenoid 31 or in the event of power shortage.

It will be noted that conventional furnaces `only require a minimum modification, that is the insertion of the new water section 22 between the other conventional sections Z and 3 in order to incorporate the present invention.

Also, the furnace of the invention can be tired with coal, gas, or other fuels, instead of oil as illustrated.

While a preferred embodiment in accord-ance with the present invention has been illustrated and described, it is understood that various modications may be resorted to without depmting tiromthe spirit :and scope f the appended claims. f

What I claim is:

l. A boiler construction comprising a plurality of vertiv cally disposed water Sections arranged side by side and in communication with each other, means to secure said sections together, said sections consisting of a front section, intermediate sections, and a back section, said sections defining a bottom and jacketed front wall, lateral walls, and fback wall, and :a plurality of vertically spaced horizontal portions, disposed in vertically spaced hori- V zontal rows to yform horizontal gas passages therebetween,

the uppermost transverse portions forming the jacketed top wall of said boiler, and the lowermost transverse portions of said intermediate sections being spaced above said bottom and `defining the combustion chamber with the front wall, lateral walls, back WaJLand bottom of said boiler, said iront wall section defining :a space between its uppermost transverse portion and its next lower transverse portion in communication with said -gas passages, said back Wall section spaced from the lowermost trans Verse portion ofthe intermediate section next yto said back wall section to form a communication between the lowermost gas passage and said combustion chamber, means forming a discharge opening Vifrom the upper gas passage to the exterior of the boiler, whereby said gas passages, said communication, and said space rform a serpentine passage for the ow of combustion gases to the exterior of the `boiler at the downstream end thereof, said intermediate section next to said back Wall section having an additional transverse hollow portion for water circulation disposed in front of and spaced from :said jacketed back wall section to forma first vertical pass-age therewith, and below and spaced from said lowermost niansverse poi-tion of said last-named intermediate section to form a second horizontal passage therewith for the combustion gases, and valve means arranged in said second passage and operable between a closed position and an open position closing and opening said second passage respectively, so constructed and arranged that combustion gases produced in said combustion chamber will flow directly through said second passage in the open position of said valve means or mainly ow downwardly along the front end olf said additional portion, around the bottom thereof andk Yupwardly through said first passage in the closed position of said valve means.

2. A boiler `as claimed in claim 1, wherein said valve means include `a valve plate pivoted within said first passage and of a length lessthan thelength of said second passage, a pivot rod to which said valve plate is secured,

said -pivot rod extending to the exterior of said boiler,

electro-mechanical means tooperate said valve plate be-` s tween an opened and -a closed position, and heatresponsrve means disposed within said chimney and connected to said electro-mechanical means to operate the same in dependence with the temperature of the gases in said chimney.

References Citedin the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 935,759 Ingalls oer. 5, 1909 1,781,532 Summers Nov. 11, 1930 f FOREIGN PATENTS K.

261,574 Switzerland Aug. 16, 1949 

1. A BOILER CONSTRUCTION COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF VERTICALLY DISPOSED WATER SECTIONS ARRANGED SIDE BY SIDE AND IN COMMUNICATION WITH EACH OTHER, MEANS TO SECURE SAID SECTIONS TOGETHER, SAID SECTIONS CONSISTING OF A FRONT SECTION, INTERMEDIATE SECTIONS, AND A BACK SECTION, SAID SECTIONS DEFINING A BOTTOM AND JACKETED FRONT WALL, LATERAL WALLS, AND BACK WALL, AND A PLURALITY OF VERTICALLY SPACED HORIZONTAL PORTIONS, DISPOSED IN VERTICALLY SPACED HORIZONTAL ROWS TO FORM HORIZONTAL GAS PASSAGES THEREBETWEEN, THE UPPERMOST TRANSVERSE PORTIONS FORMING THE JACKETED TOP WALL OF SAID BOILER, AND THE LOWERMOST TRANSVERSE PORTIONS OF SAID INTERMEDIATE SECTIONS BEING SPACED ABOVE SAID BOTTOM AND DEFINING THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER WITH THE FRONT WALL, LATERAL WALLS, BACK WALL, AND BOTTOM OF SAID BOILER, SAID FRONT WALL SECTION DEFINING A SPACE BETWEEN ITS UPPERMOST TRANSVERSE PORTION AND ITS NEXT LOWER TRANSVERSE PORTION IN COMMUNICATION WITH SAID GAS PASSAGES, SAID BACK WALL SECTION SPACED FROM THE LOWERMOST TRANSVERSE PORTION OF THE INTERMEDIATE SECTION NEXT TO SAID BACK WALL SECTION TO FORM A COMMUNICATION BETWEEN THE LOWERMOST GAS PASSAGE AND SAID COMBUSTION CHAMBER, MEANS FORMING A DISCHARGE OPENING FROM THE UPPER GAS PASSAGE TO THE EXTERIOR OF THE BOILER, WHEREBY SAID GAS PASSAGES, SAID COMMUNICATION, AND SAID SPACE FORM A SERPENTINE PASSAGE FOR THE FLOW OF COMBUSTION GASES TO THE EXTERIOR OF THE BOILER AT THE DOWNSTREAM END THEREOF, SAID INTERMEDIATE SECTION NEXT TO SAID BACK WALL SECTION HAVING AN ADDITIONAL TRANSVERSE HOLLOW PORTION FOR WATER CIRCULATION DISPOSED IN FRONT OF AND SPACED FROM SAID JACKETED BACK WALL SECTION TO FORM A FIRST VERTICAL PASSAGE THEREWITH, AND BELOW AND SPACED FROM SAID LOWERMOST TRANSVERSE PORTION OF SAID LAST-NAMED INTERMEDIATE SECTION TO FORM A SECOND HORIZONTAL PASSAGE THEREWITH FOR THE COMBUSTION GASES, AND VALVE MEANS ARRANGED IN SAID SECOND PASSAGE AND OPERABLE BETWEEN A CLOSED POSITION AND AN OPEN POSITION CLOSING AND OPENING SAID SECOND PASSAGE RESPECTIVELY, SO CONSTRUCTED AND ARRANGED THAT COMBUSTION GASES PRODUCED IN SAID COMBUSTION CHAMBER WILL FLOW DIRECTLY THROUGH SAID SECOND PASSAGE IN THE OPEN POSITION OF SAID VALVE MEANS OR MAINLY FLOW DOWNWARDLY ALONG THE FRONT END OF SAID ADDITIONAL PORTION, AROUND THE BOTTOM THEREOF AND UPWARDLY THROUGH SAID FIRST PASSAGE IN THE CLOSED POSITION OF SAID VALVE MEANS. 